Worked examplesThree real potential problems with sampling questions
From the practice pool, not the mock papers — each with the reasoning that produces the answer.
100% of them come with a figure. Reading the graph or diagram correctly is most of the work here before any content knowledge applies.
90% test a single AP skill: Statistical Argumentation. That makes this topic unusually predictable to prepare for.
Statistical Argumentation · with figure
A river cleanup coalition alpha cycle posts an online link on a bulletin board marked collection jar. Only volunteers who feel strongly about microplastic count respond. Which concern is most direct?
- AVoluntary response bias; the responding volunteers may not represent the whole group.correct
- BA large convenience sample removes selection bias because increasing sample size alone makes the sample representative.
- CThe response variable is categorical only.
- DThe sample size is automatically too small.
- EA matched-pairs design is missing.
Why A is correct
This is voluntary response bias because volunteers choose whether to respond, and those with strong opinions about microplastic count may be overrepresented.
Voluntary response bias in river cleanup coalition alpha cycle: the important cue is the river cleanup coalition alpha cycle setting. Match the method to the way the data are collected or the statistic is computed, then state the conclusion in the language of the stem.
Statistical Argumentation · with figure
A bike-share repair shop alpha cycle posts an online link on a bulletin board marked repair tag. Only bicycles who feel strongly about brake inspection pass respond. Which concern is most direct?
- AA matched-pairs design is missing.
- BThe sample size is automatically too small.
- CVoluntary response bias; the responding bicycles may not represent the whole group.correct
- DA large convenience sample removes selection bias because increasing sample size alone makes the sample representative.
- EThe response variable is categorical only.
Why C is correct
This is voluntary response bias because bicycles choose whether to respond, and those with strong opinions about brake inspection pass may be overrepresented.
Voluntary response bias in bike-share repair shop alpha cycle: the important cue is the bike-share repair shop alpha cycle setting. Match the method to the way the data are collected or the statistic is computed, then state the conclusion in the language of the stem.
Statistical Argumentation · with figure
A emergency shelter drill alpha cycle posts an online link on a bulletin board marked wristband. Only families who feel strongly about check-in time respond. Which concern is most direct?
- AA matched-pairs design is missing.
- BThe sample size is automatically too small.
- CA large convenience sample removes selection bias because increasing sample size alone makes the sample representative.
- DThe response variable is categorical only.
- EVoluntary response bias; the responding families may not represent the whole group.correct
Why E is correct
This is voluntary response bias because families choose whether to respond, and those with strong opinions about check-in time may be overrepresented.
Voluntary response bias in emergency shelter drill alpha cycle: the important cue is the emergency shelter drill alpha cycle setting. Match the method to the way the data are collected or the statistic is computed, then state the conclusion in the language of the stem.
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Last reviewed 2026-08-28. Topic and unit names follow the
College Board course framework. Question counts describe the PrepScore practice bank, not the exam.