It can add a common measure
University of Michigan can read an SAT or ACT beside students from very different high schools. The score may clarify academic preparation when the local transcript is unfamiliar, but its meaning still depends on course access and performance.
It cannot replace curriculum
Engineering, Ross and other destinations demand program-specific readiness that a university-wide score range cannot summarize. Admissions readers can see whether the student pursued the strongest appropriate sequence; a composite does not manufacture missing preparation.
It can reveal a section imbalance
Michigan respects the application testing choice even when an older score is already on file. A section-level plan is therefore more useful than repeatedly chasing a round total without diagnosing the limiting skill.
It cannot predict admission
Michigan’s university-wide submitter profile is broad and varies by school, residency and program. The cohort contains admitted students, not a mechanical rule. Students below, inside and above a range can receive different decisions because the application is broader.
It can guide timing
Applicants choose whether ACT or SAT should be considered and can update eligible scores through Enrollment Connect. The useful final sitting must leave enough time for the route University of Michigan accepts and for the applicant to confirm that the checklist is complete.
It cannot freeze the policy
For University of Michigan, current application guidance; verify the selected entry term describes the verified scope. Testing policies, optional sections and reporting instructions can change; the application term must remain attached to every operational decision.